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Alpha | Lancia
1908 • 155 cu in/2,543 cc, S4 • 56 bhp/41 kW • unknown • 56 mph/90 kph
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The Lancia 12HP was the first production car made by the company’s founder, Vincenzo Lancia. In 1908 the car was unveiled at the Turin Motor Show.
Lancia was born in 1881 and began working at his first job as an accountant in a bicycle factory in Turin.
When Fiat bought the bicycle company in 1899, Lancia was named chief inspector. He worked with Fiat for eight years, during which he started test-driving the company’s cars, as well as driving Fiat’s racing models, winning in many events. When, in 1906, he created the Lancia company he was not concerned with comfort or practicality; he was thinking only of racing.
Lancia began with a 12-bhp (9-kW) engine that was available on a straight chassis. A variety of different body styles were dropped on later, including everything from closed landaulets to a sporting two-seater. The Lancia
Corsa was one example of that first car and was raced at Savannah, Georgia, in 1908. These early Lancia preproduction cars were known for being lightweight and were acknowledged as well-engineered vehicles.
Also in 1908, Lancia started work on production of his first automobile. Lancia’s first car, called the Alpha, had a 155-cubic-inch (2,543-cc) four-cylinder engine with a side-valve.
Lancia developed into a company unafraid of engineering innovations. It manufactured the first standard production V6, the first electrical system in a car, and the first five-speed standard transmission.
Perhaps Vincenzo Lancia’s most enduring legacy is found in the world of motorsports. Lancia can claim ten world rally championship titles, a record that exceeds that of any other car manufacturer. BK
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